IPv4 addresses are typically written in dot-decimal notation, where each section represents 8 bits that together form the 32-bit scheme. By 2015, the US officially announced that it had exhausted its pool of available IPv4 addresses.
Despite this, IPv4 still carries the majority of internet traffic today. The protocol continues to function thanks to techniques that extend its lifespan, such as:
Network Address Translation (NAT): allowing multiple devices to share a single public IP.
Reusing IPs: recycling addresses across different networks to maximize availability.
172.16.254.1
0123:4567:89ab:cdef:0123:4567:89ab:cdef
Feature | IPv4 | IPv6 |
---|---|---|
Types of Addresses | Unicast, Broadcast, Multicast | Unicast, Anycast, Multicast |
Packet Size (minimum) | 576 bytes | 1208 bytes |
Header Fields | 12 fields | 8 fields |
Optional Fields | Yes | No (uses Extension Header instead) |
Configuration | Manual setup required | Optional (supports auto-configuration) |
Security | Relies on apps/websites; not built-in | IPSec is integrated and mandatory |
Mobile Compatibility | Less suitable due to dot-decimal notation | Better suited, uses colon-separated format |
Main Feature | Already widely supported and easier to use | Enables direct addressing thanks to vast address pool |
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